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Objective:To study the efficacy and safety of EndoClot polysaccharide hemostatic system (EndoClot PHS) for heparinized arterial hemorrhage of upper digestive tract (Forrest Ⅰa) in animal model.Methods:Twelve experimental pigs were randomly divided into the test group ( n=6) and the control group ( n=6) by simple random grouping method. Gastric arterial hemorrhage models were established. Endoclot PHS and Hemospray were used to spray on the wound to stop bleeding in the test group and the control group respectively. The time of effective hemostasis, the amount of hemostatic particles used, and the blockage of the powder feeding tube and its replacement were compared between the two groups. The survival and complications of experimental pigs were observed after the operation. In 10 days after the operation, the experimental pigs were euthanized for pathological dissection. Results:Spurting or pulsatile bleeding was achieved in all experimental pigs. There were significant differences in the time of effective hemostasis (8.75±0.84 min VS 9.83±0.62 min, t=-2.53, P=0.030) and the amount of hemostatic particles used to achieve effective hemostasis (6.71±0.39 g VS 14.10±1.62 g, t=-10.86, P<0.001) between the test group and the control group. There was no significant difference in the occurence of clogging or the replacement of powder feeding pipes between the two groups (0.64±0.02 times VS 0.67±0.04 times, t=-1.64, P=0.131). In addition, the gas source of the test group was stable, and the visual field under the endoscope was clear. Neither the test group nor the control group had gastric lesions, perforation, or embolism. The blood glucose, blood routine, and liver and kidney functions were normal, and no thrombosis or embolism of the main organs occurred in either group. Conclusion:EndoClot PHS is safe and effective for heparinized upper gastrointestinal arterial hemorrhage (Forrest Ⅰa) in animal models.
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To evaluate the psychological symptoms of patients with Crohn disease (CD), and to explore the risk factors affecting quality of life (QOL) in CD patients, 50 adult patients with CD, and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. Psychological questionnaires including self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), the inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (IBDQ) and the short form-36 health survey (SF-36) were completed. The results showed both the SAS (40.3±8.5 VS 37.6±7.0) and the SDS (47.1±11.1 VS 41.8±9.6) in CD patients were significantly higher than those in the healthy controls ( t=5.4, P<0.05; t=10.6, P<0.05). The IBDQ scores revealed the physical symptoms scores were 49.50±7.62, systemic symptoms scores 23.92±5.07, emotional functions scores 57.13±15.62, and social function scores 22.15±9.08 in CD active phase. However, the above scores were 60.12±4.01, 26.24±3.97, 67.34±15.17, and 25.44±2.03 respectively in the remission phase. Four subscale items of IBDQ in CD active phase were significant lower than those in the remission phase (all P<0.05). The subscale items of SF-36 scores (PF, RP, BP, GH, VT, SF, RE, MH) in CD patients were significant lower than those in healthy controls (all P<0.05). The SF-36 items scores of PF,RP and MH in the remission phase were significant higher than those in the active phase (all P<0.05). The SF-36 items scores of GH and VT in patients with malnutrition were significant lower than those with nutrition (both P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that disease status and nutritional risk ( P<0.05) significantly affected the patients' IBDQ scores. Factors including sex, age, marital status, education background, medical insurance, use of biologicals, surgery treatment had little influence on the total score of IBDQ ( P>0.05). Psychological conseling and treatment in the active phase may improve QOL of CD patients.
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Objective:To compare the efficiency and safety of T knife and Dual knife in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the treatment of esophageal lesios.Methods:A total of 59 hospitalized patients with esophageal lesions who underwent ESD in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from June 2018 to January 2019 were enrolled in the study, and the patients were randomly divided into T knife group ( n=29) and Dual knife group ( n=30). The operation time, resection speed, complete resection rate, and complications of the two groups were compared. Results:There were no significant differences in gender, age and comorbidity between the T knife group and the Dual knife group (all P > 0.05). The operation time of T knife group and Dual knife group was 57.86±24.62 min and 66.28±29.48 min, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=1.189, P=0.024). The resection speed of the two groups was 22.80±7.31 mm 2/min and 16.20±7.24 mm 2/min, respectively, with significant difference ( t=3.484, P=0.001). The complete resection rate of the two group was 86.2% (25/29) and 86.7% (26/30), respectively, with no significant difference ( χ2 =0.108, P=0.742). There were 2 (6.9%) cases of complications in the T knife group, while 5 (16.7%) cases in the Dual knife group, the incidence of complications was no significant difference ( χ2=0.574, P=0.449). There was no perforation or bleeding in the both groups. Conclusion:In the treatment of esophageal lesions, T knife in ESD has the advantages of short operation time and high resection speed compared with Dual knife, and is worthy of clinical application.
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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of hemostatic powder on preventing delayed bleeding after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).Methods:Patients who received ESD in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and Yulin No.2 Hospital from June 2017 to August 2018 were enrolled with informed consents, and randomly divided into the study group and the control group. Hemostatic powder was applied on post-ESD ulcer after routine hemostasis method in the study group, and the control group was given routine hemostasis method only. The time and dosage of hemostatic powder spraying and its adverse events were observed in the study group. The operation time, rate of delayed bleeding (within 30 days after operation) and early delayed bleeding (within 48 hours after operation), and postoperative hospital stay were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 196 patients were enrolled including 97 in the study group and 99 in the control group. The baseline data were comparable between the two groups (all P>0.05). In the study group, the time to spray powder was 68.78±19.75 s, dosage was 2.51±0.93 g. Powder delivery catheter was blocked in one case (1.03%, 1/97). No adverse event was reported during 30 days of follow-up. The operation time was not statistically different in the study group and the control group (61.92±11.71 min VS 59.76±11.01 min, t=1.330, P=0.185). The delayed bleeding rate of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group [1.03% (1/97) VS 8.08% (8/99), P=0.035]. There was no case of early delayed bleeding occurred in the study group, while 6 cases (6.06%, 6/99) in the control group ( P=0.029). The postoperative hospital stay was not statistically different between the study group and the control group (4.57±0.85 d VS 4.86±1.37 d, t=1.778, P=0.077). Conclusion:Although capacity of hemostatic system remains to be improved, hemostatic powder is an effective, safe and simple method to reduce delayed bleeding rate after ESD, especially on early delayed bleeding.
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Objective:To study the clinical characteristics and classification of gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm(NEN) and prognostic factors of mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) and gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC).Methods:A total of 148 gastric NENs were divided into type Ⅰ, type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ based on the classification of European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS). Kaplan-Meier test and Cox regression model were used in univariate and multivariate survival analysis in 108 cases with pathological G3 gastric NEN.Results:In this study, the percentages of type Ⅰ, type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ were 25.0%(37), 3.4%(5) and 71.6%(106) respectively. Among type Ⅰ patients, 28(75.7%) lesions were located in gastric fundus or body, 29(78.4%) had bumps. Lymph node involvement was found in 4 (10.8%) patients. Twenty-six (70.3%) patients received endoscopic treatment and 11 (29.7%) with surgery. All 5 type Ⅱ patients presented lesions in gastric fundus or body, including 4 with ulcers, who were all treated by endoscope. Three type Ⅱ patients had gastrinoma, and 2 combined with multiple endocrine neoplasmⅠ. In type Ⅲ patients, 56(52.8%) showed ulcerative lesions. The majority of patients (102, 96.2%) had a single lesion, 94(88.7%) with lymph node or other organ metastasis. In this study, no deaths were reported in gastric NEN with a pathological grade of G1 or G2. The mortality rate was 38.9%(42/108) in patients with G3 NEN. Survival analysis suggested that age, metastasis of tumor were associated with poor prognosis ( P=0.041, 0.025). Conclusions:Patients with gastric NEN have heterogenous clinical presentations according to gender, age, endoscopic features, infiltration and metastasis, and pathological grade. Aging and metastasis are negative prognostic factors of G3 gastric NEN.
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Objective To evaluate the therapeutic value of endoscopic jejunal tube placement, endoscopic clipping, and over the scope clip ( OTSC) for digestive fistula. Methods Data of 38 patients with digestive fistulas at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University admitted from July 2015 to July 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Treatments were chosen according to the size and the site of the fistulas. Thirteen patients underwent jejunal tube placement ( the jejunal tube group ) , 20 underwent endoscopic clipping( the endoscopic clipping group) , and 5 underwent OTSC( the OTSC group) . The technical success rate, clinical cure rate and postoperative hospital stay were analyzed. Results All patients received the endoscopic operation successfully with no significant complications. In the jejunal tube group, 4 patients′fistulas fully healed, lesion was smaller after treatment in 3 patients, lesion didn′t change in 5 patients, and 1 patient died. The complete cure rate was 30. 8％ (4/13), and the postoperative hospital stay was 47. 4± 14. 1 days. For the endoscopic clipping group, 16 patients′ fistulas fully healed, lesion was no smaller compared with that before treatment in 3 cases, and 1 patient died. The complete cure rate was 80. 0％ ( 16/20) , and the postoperative hospital stay was 17. 9 ± 8. 9 days. Total patients in the OTSC group were completely cured, with 100. 0％( 5/5) of complete cure rate. One patient with refractory esophageal fistula underwent OTSC repeatedly with endoscopic clipping, and the healing time of fistula was 102 days. The postoperative hospital stay of 4 others was 5. 3±1. 7 days. The cure rate of fistula was higher (P=0. 03, P<0. 001) and the postoperative hospital stay was shorter ( P=0. 04, P<0. 001) in the OTSC group compared with the clipping group and the jejunal tube group. Conclusion Endoscopic management is safe and effective for digestive fistulas with less trauma, easy performance and short time of healing.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical value of endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection ( ESTD) for treatment of large gastric angle superficial neoplasms. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on data of 87 patients with superfical neoplasms in gastric angle, including 32 cases undergoing ESTD and 55 cases undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection ( ESD) in 6 institutions between July 2014 and July 2016. The dissection time, dissection speed, en bloc resection rate, curative resection rate, adverse events, and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results The ESTD group showed a shorter dissection time ( 87. 3 ± 32. 6 min VS 136. 7 ± 64. 5 min, P<0. 01 ) , a higher dissection speed ( 0. 18 ± 0. 07 cm2/min VS 0. 08±0. 05 cm2/min, P<0. 01), a higher en bloc resection rate[100％ (32/32) VS 87. 3％ (48/55), P=0. 035], and a higher curative resection rate[100％ (32/32) VS 85. 5％ (47/55), P=0. 024] compared with the ESD group. The intraoperative bleeding rate[59. 4％ (19/32) VS 100. 0％( 55/55) , P<0. 01] and muscular injury rate[ 0 ( 0/32) VS 14. 5％ ( 8/55) , P=0. 024] were lower in the ESTD group than those of the ESD group. There was no statistical difference on recurrence rate between the two groups[0 (0/32) VS 1. 9％ (1/54), P=0. 443]. Conclusion ESTD has a higher dissection speed and greater security on treatment of large gastric angle superficial neoplasms, and is worthy to be generalized.
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Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumor ( GIST) . Methods We collected the data of 31 rectal GIST patients definitely demonstrated by pathology and immunohistochemistry in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, and Suzhou Wuzhong People′s Hospital from January 2008 to December 2016. The clinical characteristics, therapeutic modalities, and prognoses were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 31 rectal GIST patients, 16 underwent local resection and 15 underwent radical surgery. There was no significant difference on the three-year survival rate between the two groups [ 93. 8％ ( 15/16 ) VS 73. 3％ ( 11/15 ) , P=0. 135 ] . There was no significant difference on the survival rate between the oral imatinib patients and non-oral imatinib patients in the local resection group [ 75. 0％ ( 3/4) VS 100. 0％ ( 12/12) , P=0. 083] and the radical surgery group[ 77. 8％ ( 7/9) VS 66. 7％(4/6), P=0. 579]. The postoperative recurrence and metastasis rate of the two groups was no significantly different[31. 3％ (5/16) VS 53. 3％ (8/15), P=0. 213]. Conclusion The choice of surgical procedure has no significant effects on the survival rate and postoperative recurrence for rectal GIST patients, and whether oral imatinib or not has no significant effects on the survival of patients.
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Objective To evaluate effects and safety of mixed solution of sodium hyaluronate, normal saline and indicarmine during endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD). Methods A total of 233 patients with gastric, esophageal and colonic lesions diagnosed by endoscopy in the digestive endoscopy center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between September 2015 and November 2016 were randomly divided into the experimental group(173 patients)and the control group(50 patients). The experimental group was injected with sodium hyaluronate 100 mg+normal saline 60 mL+0.2% indicarmine 4 mL, and the control group with normal saline 70 mL+0.2% indicarmine 4 mL. The solutions were used for multi-point injection in submucosa outside markers of lesions, respectively, and ESD was performed until lesions were effectively lifted up. The location and size of lesions, operation time, dose of injection and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results The diameter of resected specimen was 1.9± 1.3 cm in the experimental group, slightly less than that in the control group(2.0 ± 1.8 cm,P>0.05). The operation time from lesion mark to the end of ESD in the experimental group was 59.5±26.7 min,significantly less than that in the control group(68.6±29.0 min, P<0.05). The dose of injection in the experimental group(55.5 ± 31.8 mL)was obviously lower than that in the control group (66.7±35.1 mL,P<0.05). The rate of delayed bleeding in the experimental group was 1.16%(2/173),which was significantly lower than that in the control group[12.00%(6/50), P<0.05]. No delayed perforation occurred in the experimental group,while 3 cases(6.00%)occurred in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion ESD shows better effects and high safety after the submucosal injection of mixed solution of sodium hyaluronate,normal saline and indicarmine.
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Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic treatment for gastric stromal tumors with maximum diameter of 3 to 5 cm. Methods From April 2010 to April 2016, a retrospective analysis was performed on the data of patients with gastric stromal tumors undergoing endoscopic (29 cases)or laparoscopic(26 cases)resection in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Baseline data, perioperative data and follow-up data were collected and analyzed. Results There was significant difference on tumor location between the two groups(χ2=12.173, P=0.007). Tumors mainly located at gastric fundus in the endoscopic group(65.5%,19/29),while at gastric body in the laparoscopic group(61.5%, 16/26). Compared with the laparoscopic group, patients in the endoscopic group had shorter operation time[45(35, 60)min VS 70(60, 85)min, U = 686.000, P<0.05], lesser intraoperative blood loss[15(10,15)mL VS 20(10, 20)mL, U=513.000, P=0.017], and earlier recovery time of gastrointestinal function[12(6, 24)h VS 20(18, 24)h, U=585.500, P<0.001]. Compared with the laparoscopic group, the patients in the endoscopic group had a higher complication rate[55.2%(16/29)VS 11.5%(3/26), χ2=11.543, P<0.001]and a lower intact tumor removal rate [89.7%(26/29)VS 100.0%(26/26),χ2=23.989,P<0.001]. The other perioperative parameters such as the incidence of intraoperative major bleeding, postoperative peritonitis, postoperative fasting time, hospitalization time and total hospitalization expenses showed no statistical different(all P>0.05). The postoperative follow-up time was 30.0(17.5,50.0)and 38.5(26.0,49.8)months in the endoscopic and laparoscopic group,respectively. There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two group[3.4%(1/29)VS 7.7%(2/26),χ2=0.009,P=0.922]. Conclusion Endoscopic resection may be an alternative therapeutic approach for large gastric stromal tumors with shorter operation time, less intraoperative blood loss,and earlier recovery time of gastrointestinal function.
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Background:CpG island methylator phenotype(CIMP)involving tumor suppressor gene( TSG)on short arm of chromosome 3(chromosome 3p)has been found in various types of cancers. However,its correlation with gastric cancer has not been clarified. Aims:To study the clinical significance of CIMP involving TSG on chromosome 3p in gastric cancer. Methods:Methylation specific PCR(MSP)was used to examine methylation profiles for hOGG1,VHL,RAR-B, hMLH1,SEMA3B,RASSF1A,BLU and FHIT harbored in chromosome 3p in 100 gastric cancer and paired paracancerous tissues. High CIMP( CIMP-H)was referred for those samples having four or more synchronously methylated genes. Relationship between CIMP-H and clinicopathological characteristics in gastric cancer was analyzed. Results:Positive methylation rates of VHL(P = 0. 030),hMLH1(P 0. 05). Conclusions:CIMP on chromosome 3p may occur in early stage of oncogenesis of gastric cancer,and influencing tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis.
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Objective To evaluate a new type of endoloop for closure of full-thickness gastric defects left by EFR.Methods A total of 32 patients who underwent EFR at our hospital between October 2014 and February 2015 with gastric fundus submucosal tumors were retrospectively analyzed.After the resection,LeCampTM endoloops and Olympus endoloops were used respectively to close the gastric defect in the study group (n =14) and the control group(n =18).The closure success rates,closure time,complications and the healing rates were compared.Results All lesions were removed by using EFR technique.The closure success rates of the two groups were both 100％.The closure time were 13.86 ± 4.62 minutes and 18.28 ± 6.48 minutes in study group and control group respectively with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).9.43 ±4.09 metallic clips and 1.00 ±0.00 endoloops were used in study group and 9.67 ± 3.61 metallic clips and 1.06 ± 0.24 endoloops were used in control group (P ＞ 0.05).One patient in study group and 2 patients in control group received abdominal puncture for relieving the pneumoperitoneum during the operation (P ＞ 0.05).No complications such as subcutaneous emphysema,pneumothorax,pneumomediastinum,delayed bleeding,or abdominal infection were found after the operations in either group.The wounds healed in all patients in 2 months after the procedure.Conclusion The use of novel endoloop and metallic clips is a relatively safe,easy,and feasible method for repairing large gastric post-EFR defects,which is of good clinical application value.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for submucosal tumors (SMTs) of upper gastrointestinal tract.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was made based on clinical data of 206 upper gastrointestinal SMTs patients from January 2009 to July 2013 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Preoperative EUS findings were compared with postoperative pathological diagnosis, and the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of EUS diagnosis in property and layer origin of SMTs were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of EUS diagnosis in SMTs property were 60.2%, 67.1% and 61.2%. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of EUS diagnosis in layer origin of SMTs were 98.0%, 98.2% and 98.1%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EUS has limited value in the diagnosis of property of SMT, and has high accuracy of identifying the origin layer, which is helpful to choose therapeutic schedule of SMT under endoscopy.</p>
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Objective To compare the feasibility and safety of endoscopy with laparoscopy and without for gastric stromal tumor.Methods A retrospective and comprehensive analysis was made based on the clinical data of endoscopic (53 cases) and laparoscopic (39 cases) resection for gastric stromal tumor (diameter ＜ 3 cm with clear boundary),by comparing the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,indwelling time of postoperative gastric tube,recovery time of bowel functions,postoperative complications,hospitalization time,metastasis,recurrence rate.Results Compared with the laparoscopic group,the endoscopic group required shorter operation time [50(48-58) min VS 70 (50-95) min,U =1575.00,P ＜ 0.01],less intraoperative blood loss [10 (5-15) ml VS 20 (20-30) ml,U =1794.00,P ＜ 0.01],earlier recovery of bowel functions [18 (8-36) h VS 24 (20-40) h,U =1666.00,P ＜ 0.01],hospitalization time,indwelling time of the postoperative gastric tube and postoperative complications showed no statistical difference (P ＞ 0.05).The postoperative follow-up time were (27 + 15) and (24 + 11) months in the endoscopic and laparoscopic group,respectively (t =0.3084,P ＞ 0.05).During the follow-up,no tumor recurrence or distant metastasis was discovered,nor was death of gastric stromal tumor.Conclusion Endoscopy without the assist of laparoscopy for the gastric stromal tumor,whose diameter is less than 3 cm with clear boundary,is safe and less invasive,and leads to quick recovery.